Design Considerations for the Space Elevator Apex Anchor and GEO Node

 The study team took on the challenge of expanding the “body of knowledge” pertaining to the Apex and Geosynchronous elements of the Space Elevator. A special effort was made to describe the elements in the context of an entire Space Elevator. The report complements and expands earlier ISEC Space Elevator reports on the Climber, Operations Concept, Architectures & Roadmaps, and Earth Port. To do so, we have established

  • a robust set of definitions within the Geosynchronous and Apex Regions and

  • a strategic approach to architectural development of a space elevator.

The study concludes:

  • The deployment and continued stability of the tether are the primary function of the Apex Anchor until IOC. This translates to:

    • a reel in/reel out (or climb up/climb down) capability,

    • a capability to fire thrusters (magnitude and direction) as directed by HQ/POC, and

    • support to customers who leverage the strength of the end-point of this space transportation infrastructure.

  • The basic mass buildup for the Apex Anchor will initially be from spent climbers and derelict GEO satellites.

  • The GEO Node is expected to become the centerpiece of a Space Port that provides “overhead” services such as repair/assembly, refueling climbers, loading and offloading supplies, servicing tugs and many other functions to a myriad of customers, after IOC.

  • Today’s technology should suffice to understand the needs of Apex Anchors, GEO Nodes, and their customers. However, future technological capabilities will indeed enhance capabilities in space, especially at these complexes.

  • While one is evaluating and developing the Apex Anchor and GEO Node concepts, one must be cognizant of Earth Port design characteristics. Indeed, there are several parallels within the space elevator transportation infrastructure between the Earth Port and both the GEO Node and Apex Anchor.